e. Entrance gates to activities should be limited to the minimum
required for safe and efficient operation.
Too many entrances and exits
demands more manpower than is possible at times.
Conditions such as these
allow for unauthorized movement of cargo.
f. Unauthorized personnel or vehicles (especially private vehicles) in
areas makes removal of cargo easy.
8.
Physical Security Measures to Enhance Cargo Security.
a. Perimeter barriers.
These include fences, walls, grills, and
roadblocks, designed to deter access.
Entry control stations should be
provided at main perimeter entrances.
b. Protective lighting. This measure is desirable for sensitive areas
or structures within a perimeter, which are under specific observation. Such
areas or structures include pier and dock, cargo storage areas, railcar and
truck loading points where night operations occur.
c. Locking devices.
Used on railroad cars, trucks, and other
containers, these devices serve to delay access.
They are not, however,
positive bars to entry; other security measures are required as back-up.
d. Intrusion detection alarm systems (IDS).
If applicable, these are
used to detect unauthorized persons at the entry point.
Each need must be
analyzed individually to determine proper use.
e. Positive personnel movement control system.
Such a system must be
established and maintained to preclude unauthorized entry. This system will
also facilitate authorized entry to personnel control points.
Security ID
cards and badges add to effective movement control.
f. Security education programs.
Inspire security consciousness by
personnel (military and civilian).
In turn, active support by personnel is
secured.
g. Spot
searches.
Searches
of
individuals
and
vehicles
may
occasionally detect attempts of theft if done at unannounced times
and
places. This serves as a psychological deterrent.
h. Containerization of supplies and equipment. This action results in
reduction of loss of or damage to cargo.
It does so only if emphasis is
placed on security during filling, sealing, storage (shipper/receiver), and
shipment (on-loading and off-loading). One disadvantage may be that loss of
cargo may not be determined for some time.
Such would be the case unless
periodic inspections of containers are done to detect tampering.
i. Seals. Devices used to show whether the integrity of a shipment has
been compromised.
A lock is not necessarily a seal, and a seal is not
necessarily a lock.
Each seal should be strictly accounted for from the
manufacturer until the seal is destroyed, after its use for a shipment.
5-5
MP1001
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